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USES OF KETAMINE

Ketamine, a versatile drug with a fascinating history, has attracted significant attention in the medical community. Let’s look at its advantages, especially in the European context. The Origins of Ketamine Ketamine was first synthesized in 1962 and patented in Belgium in 1963. It received approval for human use from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1970. Unlike traditional inhalation anesthetics, ketamine offers a unique combination of properties:

Analgesia: Ketamine offers effective relief from pain.
Respiratory Reflex Preservation: Ketamine, unlike other anesthetics, preserves respiratory reflexes.
Hemodynamic Stability: It maintains consistent blood pressure and heart rate.
Airway Maintenance: Ketamine does not depress respiratory drive.
These characteristics render ketamine a superior option for diverse situations, such as trauma triage and emergency applications.

Ketamine’s role in chronic pain management

In recent years, ketamine has been repurposed for applications beyond its traditional use as an anesthetic, particularly in chronic pain management. Here’s how it contributes:
NMDA Receptor Modulation: Ketamine serves as an antagonist to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. Chronic pain is characterized by heightened nociceptive signaling to the brain. By blocking NMDA receptors, ketamine diminishes this excessive signaling.
Neuropathic Pain Relief: Research indicates that ketamine provides relief from neuropathic pain across various conditions, such as chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, complex regional pain syndrome, fibromyalgia, and injuries to peripheral nerves due to trauma.
Long-term Benefits: Evidence from a randomized trial suggests that ketamine infusions offer pain relief for patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I, with benefits persisting after the treatment period.
It’s crucial to acknowledge, however, that while ketamine is promising for managing chronic non-cancer pain, its efficacy for cancer-related pain is not as well-established.

Ketamine’s Global Impact

Ketamine therapy has expanded its reach globally, beyond Europe. Its swift and enduring effects as an antidepressant have transformed the approach to mental health care. Ongoing research is delving into its possibilities for treating diverse psychiatric disorders.
In the European Union, the application of ketamine is not uniform. In 2022, traces of ketamine were detected at low levels in the wastewater of various cities. Denmark, Spain, Italy, and Portugal recorded the most significant contamination. The accessibility and therapeutic uses of ketamine are progressively evolving within EU nations.